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As the world increasingly confronts the challenges of climate change and environmental degradation, the impact of various technologies on the environment has come under scrutiny. One significant contributor to these issues is the piston engine, commonly found in fleet vehicles used for public transportation, logistics, and various commercial services. Understanding the environmental implications of these engines is crucial for making informed decisions about vehicle technology and fleet management.
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Piston engines, which operate on the principles of internal combustion, are designed to convert fuel into mechanical energy. These engines predominantly use gasoline or diesel as fuel sources, both of which combust fossil fuels. The combustion process releases greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as other harmful pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). These emissions contribute to air pollution and climate change, posing significant risks to public health and the environment.

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In fleet operations, the cumulative effect of piston engines cannot be overlooked. Fleets often comprise numerous vehicles, each contributing to carbon emissions and thus amplifying the overall environmental footprint. For instance, a single diesel-powered truck can emit approximately 161 grams of CO2 per ton-mile transported. When scaled to an entire fleet, the emissions can be staggering, underscoring the need for effective emissions reduction strategies.
Moreover, piston engines are known for their lower thermal efficiency compared to newer technologies, such as electric drivetrains and hybrid systems. Traditional piston engines typically convert only around 20-30% of the fuel’s energy into usable power, with the remainder lost as heat. This inefficiency not only wastes fuel but also exacerbates emissions, further stressing the environment.